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Updated: Mar 14 2015

Microbiology of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

  • Overview
    • Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
      • a generic term for inflammation of the uterus, fallopian tubes, or ovaries
      • most often caused by an ascending infection of these reproductive organs
        • like a "UTI" of the reproductive tract
      • scar tissue formation can lead to infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pain
      • manifestations include
        • salpingitis
        • endometritis
        • hydrosalpinx
        • tubo-ovarian abscesses
    • Most often caused by bacteria
      • Chlamydia trachomatis
      • Neisseria gonorrhoeae
      • Ureaplasma urealyticum
      • Mycoplasma
      • Gardnerella vaginalis
      • Trichomonas
    • Fitz-Hugh Curtis syndrome
      • serious complication of PID
      • infection spreads to liver capsule causing inflammation and scar tissue (perihepatitis)
      • "violin string" adhesions seen
        • parietal peritoneum adheres to liver
    • Epidemiology
      • 750,000 women in U.S. per year
      • 10-15% of those women become infertile due to PID
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