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Updated: Mar 5 2020

Introduction to Picornaviruses

  • Introduction
    https://upload.medbullets.com/topic/104093/images/hrv16.jpg
    picornavirus
    • Picornaviruses are broken into 3 groups
      • enteroviruses
        • acid-stable
        • most common in children
        • fecal-oral transmission
        • can cause aseptic (viral) meningitis
          • the most common cause of aseptic meningitis in the U.S.
        • can cause acute flaccid paralysis, acute disseminated myelitis, and acute transverse myelitis
        • includes
          • poliovirus
          • coxsackievirus
          • echovirus
      • rhinoviruses
        • not acid-stable
        • grows at 33°C
        • includes
          • rhinovirus
      • hepatovirus
        • hepatitis A virus
    • Characteristics
      • small ("pico-RNA-virus")
      • naked capsid (non-enveloped)
        • resistant to alcohol and detergents
      • highest incidence in summer and fall seasons
      • RNA
        • single-stranded
        • positive-sense
        • linear
      • icosahedral
    • Translation process is unique
      • RNA translated into 1 large polypeptide
      • polypeptide then cleaved to form functional viral proteins
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