Systemic Mycoses - Microbiology

Snapshot
- A 35-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician for a 2-week history of dry cough and worsening shortness of breath. She reports that she also has joint pains in her knees and ankles, as well as a rash on her legs. She recently traveled to southern California on a business trip, where she hiked with the team in the desert. A small earthquake occurred on the 2^nd day of her business trip. On physical exam, she has multiple nodules on her anterior shins. A chest radiograph shows a consolidation in the right lower lung field. (Coccidioidomycosis)

Introduction

Overview of Systemic Mycoses
Clinical Syndrome	Histoplasmosis	Coccidioidomycosis	Blastomycosis	Paracoccidioidomycosis
Organism	Histoplasma capsulatum	Coccidioides immitis Coccidioides posadasii	Blastomyces dermatitidis	Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Paracoccidioides lutzii
Demographics	Mississippi Ohio River Valley	Southwestern US California	Eastern US Central US	Latin America
Skin manifestations	Ulcers on oral mucosa	Erythema nodosum Erythema multiforme	Verrucous skin lesions	Verrucous skin lesions
Histology	Macrophages filled with fungus cells	Spherules (larger than red blood cells (RBCs)) filled with endospores	Broad-based budding yeast (same size as RBCs)	Budding yeast larger than RBCs

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