Snapshot A 25-year-old woman with a history of HIV presents to the emergency room for months of fever, night sweats, and cough. She has not had any treatments for her HIV-positive status. On physical exam, she is dyspneic with bilateral rhonchi. A PPD test is negative for tuberculosis. Chest radiograph reveals bilateral pulmonary cavitary lesions. Sputum analysis shows partially acid-fast gram + filamentous rods. Introduction Classification login to view 7 more bullets Epidemiology login to view 10 more bullets Pathogenesis login to view 2 more bullets Associated conditions login to view 4 more bullets Presentation Symptoms login to view 3 more bullets Physical exam login to view 14 more bullets Imaging Chest radiography login to view 5 more bullets Computed tomography (CT) of the brain login to view 4 more bullets Studies Labs login to view 4 more bullets Making the diagnosis login to view 1 more bullet Differential Actinomyces infection login to view 4 more bullets Tuberculosis login to view 2 more bullets Treatment Medical login to view 6 more bullets Complications Disseminated infection