Updated: 2/25/2023

Mitochondria

0%
Topic
Review Topic
0
0
N/A
N/A
Questions
4
0
0
0%
0%
Evidence
2
0
0
Topic
  • Overview
    • Overview
      • found in high concentrations in metabolically active cells
    • Cell biology
      • double membrane structure
        • outer membrane
          • high permeability due to high concentration of porins
        • inner membrane
          • impermeable to ions and molecules
          • folded into cristae to ↑ surface area
          • contains enzymes for electron transport chain (ETC)
      • inner matrix
        • contains circular DNA (mtDNA)
          • maternal inheritance as mitochondria in the zygote come from the egg
            • non-Mendelian inheritance
          • synthesized in continous polycistronic manner including
            • 13 coding genes
            • 2 ribosomal RNA modules
            • 22 transfer RNA segments
          • examples of mtDNA disorders
            • Leber's optic neuropathy
              • degeneration of retinal ganglion cells
              • progressive loss of central vision
              • eventual blindness
            • Pearson marrow-pancreas syndrome
          • some protein synthesis occurs here
          • most proteins are synthesized in cytoplasm and translocated to mitochondria
    • Function
      • oxidizes substrates
        • NADH/FADH2 → NAH+/FAD
      • generates ATP
        • converts NADH/FADH2 into ATP via ETC
      • stores Mg2+ and Ca2+
  • Mitochondrial Inheritance Pedigree
    • Affected males
      • transmit to none of their children
    • Affected females
      • transmit to all of their children

Please rate this review topic.

You have never rated this topic.

Thank you. You can rate this topic again in 12 months.

Flashcards (0)
Cards
1 of 0
Questions (4)
Question locked
Sorry, this question is for
PEAK Premium Subscribers only
Upgrade to PEAK
Question locked
Sorry, this question is for
PEAK Premium Subscribers only
Upgrade to PEAK

(M1.BC.14.29) Given the pattern of inheritance shown in the pedigree, where might you find the disease gene in question?

QID: 100094
FIGURES:

On single-stranded DNA in the cytoplasm

2%

(3/175)

On circular DNA in the mitochondrion

66%

(115/175)

On double stranded DNA in the nucleus

7%

(13/175)

On linear DNA in the mitochondrion

22%

(38/175)

On helical RNA in the cytoplasm

1%

(1/175)

M 1 D

Select Answer to see Preferred Response

Question locked
Sorry, this question is for
PEAK Premium Subscribers only
Upgrade to PEAK
Evidence (2)
VIDEOS & PODCASTS (1)
EXPERT COMMENTS (11)
Private Note