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Updated: Sep 29 2022

Triglycerides

  • Overview
    • Function
      • storage form of fatty acids in adipose tissue
    • Synthesis
      • 3 fatty acids + glycerol-3-phosphate → triglyceride
        • glycerol-3-phosphate provided by
          • reduction of DHAP from glycolysis
            • by adipocytes and hepatocytes
          • phosphorylation of free glycerol by glycerol kinase
            • only hepatocytes
    • Catabolism
      • triglyceride hydrolyzed into 3 fatty acids + glycerol
        • catalyzed by hormone sensitive lipase
          • ↑ regulated by epinephrine and cortisol
          • ↓ regulated by insulin
      • glycerol is a gluconeogenic substrate in the liver
        • converted to DHAP
        • phosphorylated into glycerol-3-phosphate, which can enter glycolysis
          • occurs in DKA
      • fatty acids undergo β-oxidation in liver and tissues
        • can travel in serum complexed with albumin
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