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Updated: Apr 30 2022

Telomeres

  • Overview
    • Structure
      • regions of DNA at the ends of chromosomes that are non-coding and repetitive
      • added by telomerase enzyme
    • Function
      • protect ends of DNA from degradation
      • rapidly dividing cells are more sensitive to telomere function
    • Clinical relevance
      • each round of replication shortens the telomere because DNA polymerase requires an RNA template and lagging strand cannot replicate all the way to the end of the chromosome
      • telomere shortening is implicated in cell senescence
      • cancer cell often have ↑ telomerase activity
        • makes unlimited replication potential possible
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