Overview Sodium/glucose cotransporter (SGLT) function transport glucose actively across lumen against concentration gradient energy provided by transport of sodium down its concentration gradient location small intestine (SGLT1) 2:1 Na+:Glu proximal tubule of nephron (SGLT2) 1:1 Na+:Glu Glucose transporters (GLUT) function facilitated diffusion of glucose down concentration gradients with increasing glucose concentration, rate of transport assumes a hyperbolic curve due to carrier saturation divided into many subtypes that localize to different tissues GLUT-1 function basal glucose uptake high affinity transporters saturated at normal blood glucose levels ensures glucose entry to cells location wide distribution in tissues in the body (brain, erythrocytes, endothelial cells, cornea etc.) GLUT-2 function low affinity glucose uptake in the fasting state glucose does not enter cells mediates glucose surplus storage in liver when blood glucose levels rise facilitates insulin release in β-cells location hepatocytes pancreatic β-cells kidney small intestines GLUT-3 function high affinity glucose uptake glucose preferentially accessed by neurons in low-glucose states location brain neurons GLUT-4 function insulin-controlled uptake of glucose basal level of glucose intake without insulin presence of insulin ↑ translocation of transporters to the cell membrane ↑↑↑ glucose uptake also stimulated by exercise location adipocytes myocytes cardiomyocytes
QUESTIONS 1 of 5 1 2 3 4 5 Previous Next Sorry, this question is for PEAK Premium Subscribers only Upgrade to PEAK Sorry, this question is for PEAK Premium Subscribers only Upgrade to PEAK Sorry, this question is for PEAK Premium Subscribers only Upgrade to PEAK Sorry, this question is for PEAK Premium Subscribers only Upgrade to PEAK (M1.BC.12.7) Certain glucose transporters that are expressed predominantly on skeletal muscle cells and adipocytes are unique compared to those transporters found on other cell types within the body. Without directly affecting glucose transport in other cell types, which of the following would be most likely to selectively increase glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells and adipocytes? QID: 100308 Type & Select Correct Answer 1 Increased levels of circulating insulin 77% (361/468) 2 Decreased levels of circulating insulin 2% (10/468) 3 Increased plasma glucose concentration 13% (60/468) 4 Decreased plasma glucose concentration 3% (16/468) 5 It is physiologically impossible to selectively increase glucose uptake in specific cells 4% (17/468) M 1 Question Complexity E Question Importance Select Answer to see Preferred Response SUBMIT RESPONSE 1 Review Tested Concept Review Full Topic
All Videos (0) Biochemistry | Glucose Transport Biochemistry - Glucose Transport Listen Now 11:2 min 12/11/2021 97 plays 4.0 (2)