Updated: 3/11/2020

Tumor Suppressor Genes

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  • Overview
    • Mechanism
      • loss of function mutation in a tumor suppressor gene
        • regulate cell growth and repair damage
        • see Cell cycle topic
      • because one functioning tumor suppressor gene copy can produce enough functioning protein to prevent neoplasia, two allele alterations needed for neoplasia
        • two-hit model
        • note many of the inherited cancer disorders have an inherited loss of 1 copy
    • Examples
    • GeneAssociated TumorChromosome
      APCColorectal cancer (associated with FAP)
      5
      p16Melanoma
      9
      WT1Wilms' tumor
      11
      RbRetinoblastoma and osteosarcoma
      13
      BRCA2Breast cancer
      13
      NF1Neurofibromatosis type 1
      17
      BRCA1Breast and ovarian cancer
      17
      TP53Most human cancers and Li-Fraumeni syndrome
      17
      DPCPancreatic cancer (stands for deleted in pancreatic cancer)
      18
      DCCColon cancer (stands for deleted in colon cancer)
      18
      NF2Neurofibromatosis type 2
      22

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