Snapshot A 62-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician with complaint of malaise and weakness for the past two months. She describes that she has difficulty getting out of a chair as well as climbing the few steps up to her front door. The patient has a 36-pack-year smoking history. Physical examination is notable for weakness in the proximal upper and lower extremities bilaterally. Laboratory studies reveal autoantibodies against voltage-gated calcium channels. A chest radiograph is obtained and shown in the image. Introduction Overview paraneoplastic syndromes occur separately from the tumor itself, but result from substances produced by the tumor symptoms may affect various body systems (i.e., endocrine, hematologic, and neuromuscular) Paraneoplastic SyndromesEndocrineSyndrome or Clinical ManifestationAssociated TumorsPotential Tumor ProductsHypercalcemiaSquamous cell carcinomas of the lung, head, and heckRenal carcinomasBladder carcinomasBreast carcinomasOvarian carcinomasPTHrP↑ 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D3 (calcitriol)Cushing syndromeSmall cell lung cancer↑ ACTHHyponatremia (SIADH)Small cell lung cancer↑ ADHHematologicSyndrome or Clinical ManifestationAssociated TumorsPotential Tumor ProductsPolycythemiaRenal cell carcinomaPheochromocytomaHemangioblastomaLeiomyomaHepatocellular carcinoma↑ EPONeuromuscularLambert-Eaton myasthenic syndromeSmall cell lung cancerAntibodies against presynaptic Ca2+ channels at the neuromuscular junctionParaneoplastic encephalomyelitisSmall cell lung cancerAntibodies against Hu antigens in neuronsMyasthenia gravisThymomaAntibodies against postsynaptic ACh receptors at the neuromuscular junction
All Videos (0) Oncology | Paraneoplastic Effects of Tumors Oncology - Paraneoplastic Effects of Tumors Listen Now 4:53 min 6/28/2022 5 plays 0.0 (0)