Overview aorta and branches Celiac trunk Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) branches inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery login to view 1 more bullet middle colic artery login to view 1 more bullet right colic artery login to view 1 more bullet ileocolic artery login to view 1 more bullet can cause SMA syndrome login to view 1 more bullet left renal vein compression (Nutcracker) syndrome login to view 1 more bullet Inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) branches left colic artery login to view 1 more bullet sigmoid artery login to view 1 more bullet superior rectal artery login to view 1 more bullet Renal arteries supplies kidneys and contribute to blood supply to adrenal glands Gonadal (testicular/ovarian) arteries testicular artery accompanies vas deferens into scrotum and supplies spermatic cord, epididymis, and testis ovarian artery enters the suspensory ligament of the ovary and supplies ovary anastomoses with the ovarian branch of uterine artery Common iliac arteries divides into the internal and external iliac arteries that supply pelvis GI Blood Supply and Innervation Embryonic Gut Region Artery Parasympathetic Innervation Vertebral Level Structures Supplied Foregut Celiac Trunk Vagus T12 Stomach to proximal duodenum Liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen (mesoderm) Midgut SMA Vagus L1 Distal duodenum to proximal 2/3 of transverse colon Hindgut IMA Pelvic L3 Distal 1/3 of transverse colon to upper portion of rectum Splenic flexure is awatershed region Collateral Circulation Collateral circulation overview arterial anastomoses compensate for blockage of abdominal aorta external iliac artery and subclavian artery superior epigastric artery login to view 1 more bullet inferior epigastric artery login to view 1 more bullet superior epigastric artery and inferior epigastric artery anastomose, providing collateral circulation between the subclavian and external iliac arteries celiac trunk and SMA superior pancreaticoduodenal artery (celiac trunk) anastamoses with the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery (SMA) SMA and IMA middle colic artery anastamoses with the left colic artery (IMA) IMA and internal iliac artery superior rectal artery (IMA) anastamoses with the middle rectal artery (internal iliac artery) Watershed Areas Watershed areas and collateral circulation right colon marginal artery of Drummond supplies right colon though it is poorly developed in many patients splenic flexure marginal artery of Drummond is poorly developed in this area in hypotension and blood loss, this area can become ischemic rectosigmoid junction excellent collateral circulation above this point (left colic artery supplying marginal artery of Drummond) and below (superior and inferior rectal arteries supply the rectum) yet weak collateral circulation at this point collateral vessels to know in the colon (high yield) The marginal artery of Drummond login to view 1 more bullet The arc of Riolan (meandering mesenteric artery) login to view 1 more bullet