Overview Cell membranes bilayer of amphipathic lipids with the hydrophobic chains pointing inwards and the hydrophilic heads pointing outwards like dissolves like, thus charged (ionized) molecules will have a difficult time crossing this bilayer with uncharged (non-ionized) molecules crossing more easily Urine pH tends to be acidic but pH ranges from 4.6 - 8.0 Weak acids and bases Weak acids RCOOH (lipid soluble) ↔ RCOO- (trapped) + H+ in basic environments, weak acids become charged by deprotonation will become trapped on side of the lipid bilayer that is basic to treat overdose of weak acids, administer bicarbonate (weak base) examples of drugs that are weak acids aspirin phenobarbital methotrexate Weak bases RNH3+ (trapped) ↔ RNH2 (lipid soluble) + H+ in acidic environments, weak bases become charged by protonation will become trapped on the side of the lipid bilayer that is acidic to treat overdose of weak bases, administer ammonium chloride (weak acid) example of a drug that is a weak base amphetamines/methamphetamines TCAs TCA overdose treated with sodium bicarbonate
QUESTIONS 1 of 3 1 2 3 Previous Next Sorry, this question is for PEAK Premium Subscribers only Upgrade to PEAK Sorry, this question is for PEAK Premium Subscribers only Upgrade to PEAK (M1.PH.17.4699) A group of researchers wish to develop a clinical trial assessing the efficacy of a specific medication on the urinary excretion of amphetamines in intoxicated patients. They recruit 50 patients for the treatment arm and 50 patients for the control arm of the study. Demographics are fairly balanced between the two groups. The primary end points include (1) time to recovery of mental status, (2) baseline heart rate, (3) urinary pH, and (4) specific gravity. Which medication should they use in order to achieve a statistically significant result positively favoring the intervention? QID: 108317 Type & Select Correct Answer 1 Potassium citrate 11% (24/228) 2 Ascorbic acid 27% (61/228) 3 Aluminum hydroxide 7% (16/228) 4 Sodium bicarbonate 39% (90/228) 5 Tap water 11% (26/228) M 3 Question Complexity D Question Importance Select Answer to see Preferred Response SUBMIT RESPONSE 2 Review Tested Concept Review Full Topic
All Videos (1) Login to View Community Videos Login to View Community Videos pKa - Why most drugs are weak acids or weak bases Keshav Mudgal Pharmacology - Drug Excretion D 2/1/2016 106 views 4.7 (7) Pharmacology | Drug Excretion Pharmacology - Drug Excretion Listen Now 10:58 min 9/9/2021 36 plays 5.0 (1)