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Updated: Feb 2 2018

Thyroid Drugs

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  • Thioamides
    • Drugs
      • propylthiouracil (PTU)
      • methimazole
    • Mechanism
      • inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking peroxidase-catalyzed reactions
        • iodination of tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
        • coupling of DIT and MIT
      • propylthiouracil ↓ peripheral conversion of T4 to T3
    • Clinical use
      • HYPERthyroidism
    • Toxicity
      • skin rash
      • agranulocytosis (rare)
      • aplastic anemia
      • hepatotoxicity (PTU)
        • PTU not used first line in non-pregnant adults and children for this reason
    • Pregnancy
      • use PTU in the first trimester
      • methimazole crosses the placenta and enters breast milk (may be teratogenic)
  • Thyroid hormones
    • Drugs
      • levothyroxine
        • synthetic T4 (thyroxine)
      • triiodothyronine
        • T3
    • Mechanism
      • replaces endogenous thyroid hormones
    • Clinical use
      • HYPOthyroidism
      • myxedema
    • Toxicity
      • thyrotoxicosis
        • heat intolerance
        • tachycardia
        • dyspnea
        • ↑ appetite
        • tremors
        • arrhythmias
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