Overview Branchial apparatus (pharyngeal apparatus) login to view 7 more bullets Branchial arch innervation 1st arch derivatives login to view 1 more bullet 2nd arch derivatives login to view 1 more bullet 3rd arch derivatives login to view 1 more bullet 4th and 6th arch derivatives login to view 1 more bullet CN V3, VII, IX, and X are both sensory and motor. CN V2 is only sensory Branchial arch derivatives Deriv. Cartilage Muscles Nerves Arteries Syndromes 1 Meckel's cartilage mandible malleus incus sphenomandibular ligament Muscles of mastication temporalis masseter lateral and medial pterygoids Mylohyoid Anterior belly of digastric Tensor tympani Tensor veli palatini Anterior 2/3 of tongue CN V2 and V3 Maxillary artery, external carotid artery Treacher Collins syndrome neural crest cells fail to migrate into arch 1 results in underdeveloped zygomatic bones, mandibular hypoplasia, lower eyelid colobomas, and malformed earsPierre Robin syndromesmall jaw,tongue falls back into throat causing choking and difficulty breathing Pierre Robin syndrome small jaw,tongue falls back into throat causing choking and difficulty breathing 2 Reichert's cartilage stapes styloid process lesser horn of hyoid stylohyoid ligament Muscles of facial expression stapedius stylohyoid posterior belly of digastric CN VII Stapedial artery, hyoid artery Congenital pharyngocutaneous fistula persistence of cleft and pouch fistula between internal tonsillar area and external neck found alonganterior border of sternocleidomastoid 3 Cartilage greater horn of hyoid Stylopharyngeus CN IX Common carotid, internal carotid arteries 4-6 Cartilages thyroid cricoid arytenoids corniculate cuneiform 4th arch pharyngeal constrictors except stylopharyngeus cricothyroid muscles of soft palate except tensor veli palatini 6th arch intrinsic muscles of larynx except cricothyroid upper muscles of esophagus 4th arch CN X: superior laryngeal branch (swallowing) 6th arch CN X: recurrent laryngeal branch (speaking) 4 - Right: subclavian artery; Left: aortic arch 6 - Right: pulmonary artery; Left: pulomonary artery & ductus arteriosus Branchial cleft derivatives 1st cleft login to view 1 more bullet 2nd - 4th cleft login to view 2 more bullets Persistent cervical sinus login to view 1 more bullet Branchial pouch derivatives 1st pouch login to view 3 more bullets 2nd pouch login to view 1 more bullet 3rd pouch login to view 5 more bullets 4th pouch dorsal wings login to view 1 more bullet DiGeorge syndrome (22q11 deletion) login to view 9 more bullets MEN 2A login to view 7 more bullets