Overview DiseasePercussionTactile fremitusTracheal deviationAscultationConsolidation(e.g. lobar pneumonia)DullnessYes--+ egophony (e to a)+ whispered pectoriloquyPleural effusionDullnessNo--↓ breath sounds over effusionBronchial obstructionDullnessNoToward lesion↓ breath sounds over affected areaPneumothoraxHyperresonantNoToward lesion (diaphram and trachea fill space left behind when lung collapses)↓ breath soundsTension pneumothoraxHyperresonantNoAway from lesion (increased pressure pushes mediastinum to opposite side)↓ breath soundsEmphysemaHyperresonantReduced--↓ breath sounds+ wheezingAsthmaHyperresonantReduced--↓ breath sounds+ wheezingAtelectasisDullnessNoTowards the lesion +/- ralesChronic bronchitis------+ rhonchi (low pitched)+ wheezing