Overview Conducting Airways "conducting zone" includes: nose nasopharynx larynx trachea contains a cartilaginous layer composed of C-shaped hyaline cartilages prevent collapse of tracheal lumen, especially during expiration bronchi contain a cartilaginous layer composed of discontinuous cartilage plates distal most extent of mucous producing goblet cells bronchioles terminal bronchioles bring air into and out of lungs warm, humidify, and filter air anatomic dead space do not participate in gas exchange walls contain smooth muscle sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation regulates airway diameter mechanism for altering airway resistance and airflow Respiratory Airways "respiratory zone" includes: respiratory bronchioles lined by simple cuboidal cells alveolar ducts alveolar sacs alveolar wall lined by type I and type II pneumocytes type II pneumocytes proliferate after alveolar damage and secrete surfactant participate in gas exchange structures are lined with alveoli exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveoli and pulmonary capillary blood occurs rapidly and efficiently across alveoli alveolar walls are thin and have large surface area for diffusion blood-gas barrier = alveolar type I cell - interstitium - capillary endothelial cell
QUESTIONS 1 of 4 1 2 3 4 Previous Next Sorry, this question is for PEAK Premium Subscribers only Upgrade to PEAK (M1.PL.14.13) A male infant is born at 27 weeks following premature rupture of membranes and a precipitous labor to a G4P3 female. Given the speed of delivery steroids are not given. Shortly after delivery he develops respiratory distress and the decision is made to administer surfactant replacement therapy. While the components of the surfactant used in surfactant therapy may vary based on institution, what is the main component of pulmonary surfactant produced by type II pneumocytes? Tested Concept QID: 101907 Type & Select Correct Answer 1 Protein S 3% (2/61) 2 Zinc finger protein 0% (0/61) 3 Cholesterol 0% (0/61) 4 Surfactant-associated proteins 7% (4/61) 5 Phospholipids 90% (55/61) M 1 Question Complexity D Question Importance Select Answer to see Preferred Response SUBMIT RESPONSE 5 Review tested concept (M1.PL.13.2) There are histologic changes in the airway from proximal to distal. What is the last level of the bronchial tree in which the cells shown in Figure A (black arrows) can be found? Tested Concept QID: 100805 FIGURES: A Type & Select Correct Answer 1 Bronchi 36% (20/55) 2 Terminal bronchioles 35% (19/55) 3 Respiratory bronchioles 22% (12/55) 4 Alevolar ducts 0% (0/55) 5 Alveolar sacs 7% (4/55) M 2 Question Complexity D Question Importance Select Answer to see Preferred Response SUBMIT RESPONSE 1 Review tested concept (M1.PL.13.63) A 48-year-old patient is recovering from acute lung injury following a diffuse pulmonary viral infection. The cell type responsible for the regeneration of the patient's alveolar epithelium is also functions in: Tested Concept QID: 100866 Type & Select Correct Answer 1 Protease release 2% (2/85) 2 Phagocytosis 2% (2/85) 3 Mucus secretion 2% (2/85) 4 Surfactant secretion 91% (77/85) 5 Recruitment of neutrophils 2% (2/85) M 1 Question Complexity D Question Importance Select Answer to see Preferred Response SUBMIT RESPONSE 4 Review tested concept