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Updated: Mar 6 2023

Terminology of Skin Lesions

  • Overview
      •  Terminology Used to Describe Skin Lesions
      • Term
      • Description
      • Photo
      • Rash/eruption
      • Describes more widespread skin involvement that can be composed of several lesions with primary and secondary morphologies
        • e.g., chicken pox
      • Macule
      • Flat lesion < 1 cm in diameter
        • e.g., freckles
      • Patch
      • Flat lesion > 1 cm in diameter
        • e.g., cafe-au-lait spot
      • Papule
      • Elevated lesion that is < 1 cm in diameterPalpable lesion
        • e.g., acne
      • Plaque
      • Elevated lesion that is > 1 cm diameter
      • Palpable
      • Palpable Papules and Plaques
        • e.g., plaque psoriasis
      • Nodule
      • Palpable, solid, round, or ellipsoidal lesion of dermal origin
        • e.g., erythema nodosum
      • Vesicle
      • Small fluid containing lesion that is < 0.5 cm
        • e.g., zoster
      • Pustule
      • Vesicle containing purulent material
      • May be white or yellow
      • Is not always infected (e.g. sterile pustule)
        • e.g., pustular psoriasis
      • Wheal
      • Edematous papule or plaque caused by swelling in the dermis
        • e.g., urticaria
      • Bulla
      • Large fluid containing lesion that is > 0.5 cm
      • Can be multi-loculated
        • e.g., bullous pemphigoid
      • Cyst
      • Closed epithelial-lined cavity or sac containing liquid or semi-solid material 
      • Fluctuant as it contains liquid
        • e.g., epidermal inclusion cyst 
      • Purpura
      • Non-palpable purpura
        • petechiae (< 3 mm)
        • ecchymoses (> 5 mm)
      • Palpable purpura
      • Indicates extravasation of red blood cells into the skin
        • e.g., small vessel vasculitis
      • Petechiae
      • Small red, purple, or brown pinpoint dots indicative of hemorrhage
      • Non-blanching
        • e.g., thrombocytopenia
      • Ecchymoses
      • Purple or brown lesions covering a larger area
      • Non-blanching
        • e.g., traumatic bruise
      • Lichenification
      • Accentuated skin markings in thick epidermis due to scratching
        • e.g., atopic dermatitis
      • Keloid
      • Irregular plaque-like lesion resulting from abnormal healing and extends beyond the borders of initial wound
      • Hyperkeratosis
      • Increased thickness of stratum corneum seen in chronic dermatitis
        • e.g., calluses
      • Parakeratosis
      • Hyperkeratosis with retention of nuclei in stratum corneum and thinning of stratum granulosum
        • e.g., classic finding in psoriasis
      • Annular
      • Ring shaped lesion
        • e.g., ringworm infection
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