Snapshot A 15-year-old boy presents to his cardiologist’s office for weeks of dyspnea on exertion, syncopal episodes, and hemoptysis. He has a past medical history significant for a rather large ventricular septal defect. Concerned for Eisenmenger syndrome, his cardiologist sends him for an echocardiogram and preparations are made for surgical intervention. Introduction Clinical definition login to view 1 more bullet Epidemiology login to view 5 more bullets Pathogenesis login to view 3 more bullets Associated conditions login to view 3 more bullets Prognosis login to view 2 more bullets Presentation Symptoms login to view 6 more bullets Physical exam login to view 5 more bullets Imaging Radiography login to view 7 more bullets Echocardiography login to view 5 more bullets Studies Making the diagnosis login to view 1 more bullet Differential Atrial septal defect login to view 2 more bullets Patent ductus arteriosus login to view 2 more bullets Treatment Management approach login to view 3 more bullets Medical login to view 10 more bullets Operative login to view 5 more bullets Complications Increased risk for subacute infective endocarditis Heart failure Eisenmenger syndrome