Review Question - QID 214282

A 2-year-old boy is brought in to his pediatrician due to concerns with speech. The parents report that the patient is an active talker with an extensive vocabulary; however, his speech sounds nasally, and he has difficulty with certain consonant sounds. The parents have not noted any nasal regurgitation while eating. The patient has had no other developmental issues, and the pregnancy and peripartum period were unremarkable. The patient did have some trouble with breastfeeding early on, but he has remained at the 40th percentile for height and weight over the last year. On exam, the patient has a temperature of 98.8°F (37.1°C), blood pressure is 108/76 mmHg, pulse is 80/min, and respirations are 14/min. The physical exam is grossly normal, with the exception of a palpable submucous cleft at the roof of the mouth. He is noted to have excessive nasal air emission during speech. Which of the following structures was likely involved in the embryologic development of this finding?