Select a Community
Are you sure you want to trigger topic in your Anconeus AI algorithm?
You are done for today with this topic.
Would you like to start learning session with this topic items scheduled for future?
Ciprofloxacin
38%
21/55
Metronidazole
16%
9/55
Oral rehydration solution
18%
10/55
Oral vancomycin
4%
2/55
Penicillin
13%
7/55
Select Answer to see Preferred Response
This patient’s presentation of fever, abdominal pain, and a pink macular rash over his trunk and upper body is characteristic of typhoid fever, which can be treated with fluoroquinolones. Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella typhi, a Gram-negative rod that is transmitted through the fecal-oral route and disseminates hematogenously. Symptoms of typhoid fever include a fever lasting several days, constipation initially followed by non-bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, malaise, and anorexia. Physical exam is notable for a pink macular rash that spreads from the trunk to the extremities. Treatment of typhoid fever includes fluoroquinolones as the first-line drugs and azithromycin in cases of resistance or intolerance of fluoroquinolones. Supportive care includes rehydration as well as correction of any electrolyte imbalances. Incorrect Answers: Answer 2: Metronidazole is used to treat mild Clostridium difficile infection (though oral vancomycin is the first-line drug) as well as protozoal gastrointestinal and vaginal infections. Answer 3: Oral rehydration solution is used as a treatment for severe dehydration, such as in the setting of severe diarrhea. Oral rehydration solution may alleviate dehydration caused by diarrhea, but given this patient’s stable vital signs, oral rehydration is not necessary. This patient requires medical treatment to address his Salmonella typhi infection. Answer 4: Oral vancomycin is the first-line treatment for Clostridium difficile infection, which presents with multiple episodes of watery diarrhea along with lower abdominal pain, fever, and leukocytosis during or shortly after starting antibiotics. Answer 5: Penicillin is the treatment of choice for streptococcal infection that can cause scarlet fever, which presents with a high fever, sore throat, and a pink sandpaper-like rash. This patient has a pink macular rash that is similar to that seen in scarlet fever, but his lack of tonsillopharyngitis preceding the rash along with his diarrhea makes scarlet fever a less likely diagnosis. Bullet Summary: Fluoroquinolones are used to treat cases of typhoid fever caused by Salmonella typhi.
4.0
(7)
Please Login to add comment