Review Question - QID 210583

A 28-year-old woman presents to her primary case physician because she has been experiencing severe left flank pain. She says that the pain comes in squeezing, spams like bursts and that it progresses from her left flank to her left groin. On physical exam, there is left-sided costovertebral angle tenderness. A urine sample is obtained for laboratory testing. Microscopy findings from the urine sample are shown in Figure A. Which of the following is associated with the most likely cause of this patient's symptoms?