Review Question - QID 210528

A 33-year-old Asian American man presents to his primary care provider in February with pain in his fingers. His symptoms started 2 years ago and have gradually progressed. He initially attributed his symptoms to stress at work as a social worker. He has tried using ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and naproxen, but these medications did not improve his pain. He also reports that there have been at least 3 instances in the past 2 months in which his fingers became extremely painful and turned white before turning pale blue. These instances occurred when the patient was walking outside. His past medical history is notable for gastroesophageal reflux disease and gout. He takes omeprazole and allopurinol. His temperature is 99°F (37.2°C), blood pressure is 120/78 mmHg, pulse is 90/min, and respirations are 18/min. Physical examination reveals loss of skin fold wrinkles and indurated skin on the palmar side of the digits. Finger range of motion is limited. Which of the following medications is most appropriate to address this patient's concerns?