Review Question - QID 107080

Action	Numeric Key	Letter Key	Function Key
Choose 1	1
Choose 2	2
Choose 3	3
Choose 4	4
Choose 5	5
Submit Response			Enter
Previous Question			Left Arrow
Next Question		N	Right Arrow
Open/Close Bookmode		C
Open Image			Spacebar

Poisons and Treatments Methanol and Ethylene Glycol Toxicity QID: 107080 (M1.PH.15.1)

QID 107080 (Type "107080" in App Search)

A 5-year-old boy is brought to the emergency room lapsing in and out of consciousness. The mother reports that 30 minutes ago, the young boy was found exiting the garage severely confused. A container of freshly spilled antifreeze was found on the garage floor. The next appropriate step would be to administer:

Type & Select Correct Answer

Type in at least one full word to see suggestions list

Dimercaprol

13%

26/201

N-acetylcysteine

15/201

Ammonium chloride

8/201

Flumazenil

13/201

Fomepizole

66%

133/201

Select Answer to see Preferred Response

Review TC In New Tab

The clinical presentation is consistent with ethylene glycol, aka antifreeze, ingestion and toxicity. Administration of fomepizole would be the most appropriate treatment.

Ethylene glycol is a colorless, ordorless, sweet-tasting liquid Note, antifreeze, which is mainly composed of ethylene glycol, can be a number of colors. The toxicity of ethylene glycol is derived from the product of its hepatic oxidation - oxalic acid. Ethylene glycol is first degraded by alcohol dehydrogenase to glycoaldehyde then by aldehyde dehydrogenase to glycolic acid then finally to oxalic acid, the toxic metabolite. Oxalic acid binds to calcium and forms calcium oxalate crystals that damage the heart, brain, lungs and kidneys. Fomepizole is a competitive inhibitor of the first enzymatic step in this process, preventing the conversion of ethylene glycol into its toxic metabolites.

Incorrect Answers:
Answer 1: Dimercaprol is used to treat arsenic, lead, and mercury poisoning.
Answer 2: N-acetylcysteine is used to treat acetaminophen overdose.
Answer 3: Ammonium chloride is used to acidify the urine to treat amphetamine overdose.
Answer 4: Flumazenil is used to treat a benzodiazepine overdose.

Rating

Please Rate Question Quality

4.8

(24)