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Prevalence of cases (84/200) divided by prevalence of controls (116/200)
0%
0/2
Odds of exposure in the cases (17/67) divided by odds of exposure in the controls (2/114)
Number of exposed with AML (17) divided by the total number of AML cases (84)
Probability of AML among exposed (17/19) divided by probability of AML among unexposed (67/181)
50%
1/2
Total number of cases (84) divided by the total number of study participants (200)
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Relative risk is calculated by the probability of getting disease in the exposed group divided by the probability of getting disease in the unexposed group. Risk and probability are interchangeable terms in statistical analysis. In a study setting, the incidence of developing an outcome in a group over the specified study period is also interchangeable with risk and probability. In our example, the risk of developing AML in the group exposed to the pesticide is 17/19. Likewise, the risk of developing AML in the unexposed group is 67/181. The relative risk is a ratio of the risk of AML in the exposed group to the risk of AML in the unexposed group [(17/19)/(67/181) = 2.42]. Incorrect Answers: Answers 1,3,5: These calculations are inconsequential in analyzing the data for risk. Answer 2: This is the calculation for the odds ratio.
3.3
(3)
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