Select a Community
Are you sure you want to trigger topic in your Anconeus AI algorithm?
You are done for today with this topic.
Would you like to start learning session with this topic items scheduled for future?
Red neurons
6%
24/382
Neutrophilic infiltration and necrosis
22%
84/382
Macrophage infiltration and phagocytosis
52%
200/382
Reactive gliosis and vascular proliferation
12%
47/382
Glial scarring
4%
17/382
Select Answer to see Preferred Response
This patient is 4 days removed from a large ischemic stroke. At this point in time the predominant histological finding would be macrophage infiltration and phagocytosis. Neuronal tissues are extremely sensitive to hypoxia, with five minutes of hypoxia sufficient to cause irreversible damage. There is a sequence of steps with characteristic histological findings when neurons undergo ischemia. First neurons swell and become eosinophilic (hence the "red" color), which is evident at 12 hours through 48 hours. Next, there is necrosis and neutrophilic infiltration (24 - 72 hours), followed by macrophage infiltration and phagocytosis (3 - 5 days post infarction), reactive gliosis and vascular proliferation (1 - 2 weeks post infarction), and finally glial scarring (> 2 weeks post infarction). Yew and Cheng discuss the diagnosis of an acute stroke. They point out that strokes can be ischemic or hemorrhagic in nature, and that the most common symptoms for ischemic strokes are speech difficulties or weakness on one half of the body. They note that neuroimaging is required to differentiate ischemic stroke from intracerebral hemorrhage, and that stroke type will determine the need and type of further intervention. Xian et al. conducted a secondary data analysis using a database of stroke outcomes in New York. They compared mortality in patients admitted for acute stroke at designated stroke centers versus patients admitted to nondesignated hospitals. They found that about half of patients with acute ischemic strokes were admitted to designated stroke centers, and that designated stroke centers had significantly lower 30-day all cause mortality and greater use of thrombolytic therapy. Figure A depicts a CT scan of a patient with a large right hemispheric ischemic stroke. Incorrect Answers: Answer 1: Red neurons are typically evident 12 - 48 hours post infarction. Answer 2: Neutrophilic infiltration and necrosis is typically found 24 - 72 hours post infarction. Answer 4: Reactive gliosis and vascular proliferation is typically found 1 - 2 weeks post infarction. Answer 5: Glial scarring is usually evident more than 2 weeks after infarction.
3.8
(12)
Please Login to add comment