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Regulates passage through the cell cycle
7%
27/375
Activates DNA repair proteins
4%
14/375
Provides mitotic cytoskeleton
2%
6/375
Inhibits apoptosis
78%
292/375
Regulates cell growth through signal transduction
8%
30/375
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The clinical presentation is consistent with that of follicular lymphomas. The oncogene Bcl-2 is found in 80-90% of follicular lymphomas. Bcl-2 inhibits apoptosis. Follicular lymphoma presents as painless lymphadenopathy. Minor B-cell proliferation forms follicular aggregates that replace normal lymph node architecture. The disease is most commonly found in adults and may progress to large B cell lymphoma. The t(14;18) translocation is found in 80-90% of follicular lymphomas. The Ig-heavy chain locus of chromosome 14 is fused with BCL2 on chromosome 18, producing bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) overexpression. Freedman reviews the diagnosis of follicular lymphoma, reporting that the diagnosis is based on histology, preferably of biopsy of a lymph node. Immunohistochemical staining is positive in virtually all cases for cytoplasmic expression of bcl-2 protein. The overwhelming majority of cases have the characteristic t(14;18) translocation involving the IgH/bcl-2 genes. Nambiar et al. review the molecular biology of Bcl-2. They report the t(14;18) translocation in follicular lymphoma is one of the most common chromosomal translocations. Breaks in chromosome 18 are localized at the 3'-UTR of BCL2 gene or downstream and are mainly clustered in either the major breakpoint region or the minor breakpoint cluster region (mcr). The recombination activating gene (RAG) complex induces breaks at IgH locus of chromosome 14, whereas the mechanism of fragility at BCL2 mcr remains unclear. Illustration A shows the follicular architecture of follicular lymphoma. Incorrect Answers: Answers 1: p53 and c-myc are two proteins that regulate passage through the cell cycle. Answer 2: p53 is a protein that can activate DNA repair proteins. Answer 3: Microtubules compose the cytoskeleton during mitosis. Answer 5: Tyrosine kinases are a group of proteins known to regulate cell growth through signal transduction. NOTE: None of the above proteins are implicated in follicular lymphoma or associated with t(14;18) translocation
4.5
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