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Myocytes
5%
20/442
Fibroblasts
0%
1/442
Neutrophils
2/442
Endothelial cells
88%
391/442
Smooth muscle cells
4%
17/442
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Atherosclerosis begins with repetitive endothelial cell injury. Endothelial cell injury (e.g. from hypertension, diabetes, smoking, etc.) results in increased permeability of the endothelium and exposure of subendothelial collagen. Monocytes, lymphocytes, and LDL cholesterol migrate into the intima, and exposure of subendothelial collagen promotes platelet aggregation. A chronic inflammatory state in the intima perpetuates the formation of an atheroma. Incorrect Answers: Answers 1-3, 5: While these cells are involved in atherosclersosis, none are the site of initial injury.
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