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Eukaryotes have less genetic material to transcribe
2%
4/237
Eukaryotes have fewer polymerase types
1%
3/237
Eukaryotes have helicase which can more easily unwind DNA strands
3%
7/237
Eukaryotes have multiple origins of replication
94%
222/237
Eukaryotes do not have exons
0%
1/237
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The process of DNA replication is similar in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes; however, only eukaryotes have multiple origins of replication, allowing for DNA replication to occur more quickly. DNA is replicated largely the same way in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes via the following mechanism: helicase unwinds dsDNA to produce single strands, the replication fork forms, primase synthesizes a RNA primer, DNA polymerase synthesizes both leading and lagging strands, Okazaki fragments on lagging strands are annealed with ligase, and DNA polymerase I removes RNA primer and replaces with DNA. Of note, prokaryotes have three types of DNA polymerase while eukaryotes have five types. Costa et al. review the initiation of DNA replication. They report that the initiation of DNA replication effectively commits the cell to proliferating and is thus a highly regulated process. The process is mainly preserved between bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes, but there are some important differences, such as the multiple origins of replication in eukaryotes. Illustration A is a schematic of the replication fork in DNA replication. Incorrect answers: Answer 1: Eukaryotes have more (not less) material to transcribe. Answer 2: Eukaryotes have more (not fewer) polymerase types. Answer 3: Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes have DNA-unwinding helicases. Answer 5: Eukaryotes have exons.
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