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"Last week I volunteered for the local Cancer Society. Helping other cancer patients just makes me feel better."
4%
8/200
"Oh, doctor, I'm just so grateful to be seeing you. I just know you've cured my cancer. I probably don't even need to check anymore."
8%
15/200
"I'm sorry I was late today. I also didn't get any of the labs you asked for."
5%
10/200
"Ever since I had the colonoscopy, I've been having headaches and backaches and just pain all over! I'm sure it's from the cancer."
"I really haven't thought about the colonoscopy until today. Worrying before getting the results wasn't going to help anything."
78%
155/200
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This statement suggests suppression. Suppression, or the conscious withholding of distressing information or thoughts, is an example of a mature defense mechanism. Defense mechanisms are a part of Freudian psycholanalytic theory and describe the psychological strategies employed by the unconscious mind to protect oneself from an unpleasant or difficult reality. Defense mechanisms are grouped into mature, immature, neurotic and pathologic categories. The mature defense mechanisms are considered a normal response in emotionally healthy adults, as they enable individuals to integrate conflicting emotions and thoughts. The mature defense mechanisms include altruism, anticipation, humor, identification, sublimation, and thought suppression among others. Vallient describes the complex interplay between the coping responses to stress and divides responses into three major categories. The first two categories are voluntary. The first involves voluntarily mobilizing social supports, such as seeking help from others. The second involves voluntarily preparing preparing oneself for stress by gathering information, anticipating danger, or rehearsing responses. The third category is involuntary and unconscious and includes the defense mechanisms. Whitty discusses the use of defense mechanisms by age group, reporting that while younger individuals use fewer mature and more immature defense mechanisms than middle-aged or older groups, middle-aged and older participants did not exhibit significant differences in their use of defense mechanisms. Incorrect Answers: Answer 1: This statement suggests altruism. Altruism is a mature defense mechanism that involves ameliorating feelings of guilt or distress by giving to others. Answer 2: This statement suggests idealization. Idealization is an immature defense mechanism that involves unconsciously choosing to perceive another individual as having more positive qualities than he or she may actually have. Answer 3: This statement suggests passive aggression. Passive aggression is an immature defense mechanism in which individuals express anger or frustration towards others in a passive or indirect way, often by being late or ignoring requests. Answer 4: This statement suggests somatization. Somatization is an immature defense mechanism in which individuals transform negative feelings into pain, illness, and anxiety.
4.2
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