• BACKGROUND
    • Although categorized as an impulse control disorder, kleptomania has many features in common with substance use disorders.
  • OBJECTIVES
    • This paper sought to examine the mounting evidence supporting the phenomenological, clinical, epidemiological, and biological links between kleptomania and substance addictions.
  • METHODS
    • A review of the literature examining family history, genetics, comorbid psychiatric conditions, neuroimaging, and phenomenology was utilized to examine the relationship of kleptomania to substance addiction.
  • RESULTS
    • Kleptomania and substance addiction share common core qualities, including similar treatment successes, as well as etiologic and phenomenological similarities.
  • CONCLUSIONS
    • Future research investigating the relationship between kleptomania and substance use disorders holds significant promise in advancing prevention and treatment strategies for addiction in general.
  • SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE
    • Research investigating kleptomania (and other behavioral addictions) and its relationship to substance addiction holds significant promise in advancing prevention and treatment strategies for addiction in general.