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Updated: Aug 8 2020

Monozygotic vs. Dizygotic Twins

  • Monozygotic Twins
    • Monozygotic (identical) twins
      • one oocyte fertilized by one sperm (twins genetically identical)
      • zygote forms a blastocyst in which the inner cell mass divides into two
      • 2 different amniotic sacs but share common chorion and placenta
    • Conjoined twins
      • one oocyte fertilized by one sperm (twins identical and joined by tissue bridge)
      • formed similar to monozygotic twins but inner cell mass splits in two incompletely
      • 1 amniotic sac, 1 chorion, 1 placenta
  • Dizygotic Twins
    • Fraternal twins
      • two oocytes each fertilized by different sperm (twins genetically different)
        • no more identical than two siblings born at different times
      • 2 amniotic sacs, 2 chorions, 2 placentas
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